50,000-100,000 SHU. The Chiltepin pepper is a wild, heirloom variety native to the southwestern United States and Mexico. Known as the “mother of all peppers,” it produces tiny, round to oval fruits about 0.25 inches in diameter. Despite their small size, Chiltepin peppers pack a fiery punch. The peppers ripen from green to a vibrant red and have a smoky, fruity flavor. Chiltepin plants are hardy perennials in warm climates and grow up to 4 feet tall. They are often used in salsas, hot sauces, and traditional Mexican dishes. Expect 50,000-250,000 Scoville Heat Units depending on the season and your location.